Manual of Refraction

Comparison of Manual Refraction Versus Autorefraction in 60 Diabetic Retinopathy Patients

AIM The purpose of the study was to evaluate the comparison of manual refraction versus autorefraction in diabetic retinopathy patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study was conducted at the Be'sat Army Hospital from 2013-2015. In the present study differences between two common refractometry methods (manual refractometry and Auto refractometry) in diagnosis and follow up of retinopathy in pati...

Refraction at the Interface of a Lossy Metamaterial

The refraction phenomenon at the interface of an ordinary material and a lossy metamaterial has been investigated. For oblique incidence on the lossy metamaterial, the planes of constant amplitude of the refracted wave are parallel to the interface and the plane of constant phases make a real angle with the interface (real refraction angle). The real refraction angle and hence, the real refract...

The Practice of Refraction

Textbook of Refraction

Refraction of the Eye